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- $Unique_ID{BRK03465}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Anemia, Megaloblastic}
- $Subject{Anemia, Megaloblastic Megaloblastic Anemia of Pregnancy
- Hypovitaminosis B12 Pernicious Anemia Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia Folic Acid
- Deficiency Anemia}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 423:
- Anemia, Megaloblastic
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Megaloblastic Anemia) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing on the next
- page to find alternate names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders
- covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Megaloblastic Anemia of Pregnancy
-
- Information on the following disorders can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia
- Hypovitaminosis B12
- Pernicious Anemia
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Megaloblastic Anemia is a blood disorder characterized by the presence of
- large abnormal, immature red blood cells (megaloblasts). Decreased numbers
- and immaturity of white blood cells (leukocytes) and blood platelets
- (thrombocytes) may also occur. This disorder may be caused by a deficiency
- or defective absorption of vitamin B12 or folic acid. Certain antitumor or
- immunosuppressive drugs may also cause Megaloblastic Anemia.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Symptoms of Megaloblastic Anemia usually begin gradually. Diarrhea,
- vomiting, lack of appetite (anorexia), and weight loss may occur. Lesions in
- the gastrointestinal tract may cause abnormal activity in the intestines and
- difficulties with the absorption of food. Enlargement of liver and spleen
- may also occur, accompanied by yellow discoloration of the skin (jaundice) or
- pallor. Weakness, heart palpitations, difficulty breathing, as well as pain
- in the limbs are other possible symptoms. Mouth and tongue infection may
- also occur. Neurological lesions, irritability, and abnormal feelings (e.g.,
- of heat and cold) may also be present in Megaloblastic Anemia.
-
- Causes
-
- Megaloblastic Anemia may be caused by a vitamin B12 or a folic acid
- deficiency. This deficiency may result from poor diet, impaired intestinal
- absorption, certain diseases or parasites, or drugs that suppress the immune
- system such as anticancer drugs. In addition, this type of anemia may occur
- during pregnancy as a response to the fetal demand for blood.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders may resemble those of Megaloblastic
- Anemia. They may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Pernicious Anemia (Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia) is a blood disorder
- resulting from an impaired absorption of vitamin B-12. This vitamin is
- needed for the production of red blood cells. Healthy individuals absorb
- sufficient amounts of vitamin B12 from the normal diet with the help of a
- substance secreted by the stomach called intrinsic factor. Individuals with
- Pernicious Anemia generally lack intrinsic factor and cannot absorb
- sufficient amounts of vitamin B12. (For more information on this disorder,
- choose "Pernicious Anemia" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia is caused by deficient levels of folic acid.
- Many plant and animal tissues contain folic acid, but the substance is
- destroyed during cooking. Folic Acid Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia
- and other abnormalities in the blood. Infertility and gastrointestinal
- disturbances may be other symptoms of this type of anemia. The disorder may
- also be associated with certain skin disorders, obstetric disorders,
- neuropathy, and possibly psychiatric disorders.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Megaloblastic Anemia is treated with injections of vitamin B12 into the
- muscles, or oral iron supplements may be prescribed. A maintenance dose of
- vitamin B12 has to be given throughout life.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- February 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Megaloblastic Anemia, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-4236
-
- References
-
- HOMOCYSTINURIA AND MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA RESPONSIVE TO VITAMIN B12 THERAPY:
- S. Schuh, et al.; New England Journal of Medicine (March 15, 1984: issue
- 310,11). Pp. 686-690.
-
- MEGALOBLASTIC ANAEMIA DUE TO VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY CAUSED BY SMALL
- INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH: POSSIBLE ROLE OF VITAMIN B12 ANALOGUES:
- M.F. Murphy, et al.; British Journal Haematol (January 1986: issue 62,1).
- Pp. 7-12.
-
- BONE MARROW STATUS OF ANAEMIC PREGNANT WOMEN ON SUPPLEMENTAL IRON AND
- FOLIC ACID IN A NIGERIAN COMMUNITY: L.A. Okafor, et al.; Angiology (August
- 1985: issue 36,8). Pp. 500-503.
-
-